影/長新冠後遺症的復健治療越早做效果越好
2022-09-19 記者 蘇旋/報導
新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情肆虐全球，臺灣本土疫情也從去(110)年五月開始爆發，確診人數持續增加。不論是何種形態的病毒株，都有相當比例的病人在確診新冠肺炎(COVID-19)後留下後遺症，其中包含：肌肉骨骼、心肺功能、認知功能(腦霧)、神經、精神症狀等，一般來說超過3個月以上即可認定為長新冠後遺症，症狀平均持續4至5個月之久。長新冠後遺症不僅造成病人生活品質下降，甚至影響工作產能導致收入減少。
主講者復健部主治醫師董宥汝(圖/奇美醫院提供)
74歲田先生，今(111)年6月確診新冠肺炎(COVID-19)，因情況嚴重，住院期間插管轉至加護病房治療。加護病房階段，物理治療及職能治療即早期介入，針對胸腔復健、關節活動度、肌力維持加強訓練。生命徵象穩定且拔除氣管內管後轉入普通病房，並持續心肺功能、關節活動度、肌力及日常生活訓練，吞嚥評估發現田先生出現進食困難的問題，且有嗆咳風險，因此進行吞嚥治療。出院前，田先生的動作與吞嚥功能已慢慢恢復。
然而，出院後田先生還是經常感到疲累、胸悶、無力，因此到奇美醫學中心復健部持續進行心肺功能復健。一開始田先生幾乎都只能在輪椅上活動，經過訓練後已經能踩腳踏車，甚至是站立走幾步路，田先生信心大增，更加願意參與復健，在完整生命徵象監控的訓練環境下，持續訓練，期望自己早日能重返日常生活。』
心肺運動器材生理監測及場地(圖/奇美醫院提供)
奇美醫學中心復健部主治醫師董宥汝說明：依照國內長新冠後遺症的復健經驗，大部分病人在解除隔離後3周內能回復至接近正常功能，同時早期復健的介入可避免存留運動、心肺、心理、認知、吞嚥等功能障礙。新冠肺炎(COVID-19)康復後病人，可以針對簡易量表，評估自己是否需要接受復健：
- 心理：簡氏心理量表(6分以下為正常)
- 心肺功能：一分鐘登階測試(>80階為正常)
- 吞嚥功能：30秒自我檢測吞嚥功能(吞嚥6次以上為正常)
- 肺功能：憋氣測試(>30秒為正常)
- 認知功能：失智症篩檢量表(錯誤2題以下為正常)
心肺功能檢查(圖/奇美醫院提供)
奇美醫學中心復健部主治醫師董宥汝表示：上述量表自我檢測如有異常，或病人自覺生活功能嚴重受影響，可至復健科門診接受評估，並進一步接受復健治療與復健運動。目前文獻顯示復健治療於輕重症病人治療之安全性相當高，長新冠後遺症病人如能及早接受復健治療，可以提升生活功能與品質，減少未來長期醫療依賴的需求，甚至能促進整體生存率與身心健康。建議有需求的民眾能及早接受復健評估，並安排後續適切的療程計畫！
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