影/成功大學兩節式混合火箭 於旭海科研火箭發射場成功發射
2022-11-08 記者林豊雅/屏東報導
國科會位於屏東縣牡丹鄉旭海村的短期科研火箭發射場域,於今(8)日上午6時47分,由成功大學成功發射1,500公斤推力等級及300公斤推力等級之兩節式混合火箭。國科會肯定成大團隊的努力,也對屏東縣牡丹鄉公所旭海部落的支持與協助表達謝意。
這支兩節式火箭是由成功大學航空太空工程學系講座教授趙怡欽率領成大跨領域混合火箭團隊研發製作,火箭全長6.2公尺,最大直徑34公分,重約260公斤。推力等級分別為第一節1,500公斤,第二節300公斤。本次飛試第一節火箭依設計規劃推進13秒後,順利脫節,第二節火箭初步判斷應該也有順利點火推進,但推進時間與最終飛行高度須待成功大學檢驗後才能得知。這是台灣學術單位首次發射1,500公斤級推力及300公斤級推力之兩節式混合火箭,並成功完成氣動力脫節與高空點火關鍵技術測試。
此科研火箭原訂於8月1日發射,然在發射前氧化劑灌裝作業完成後,成大團隊發現碳纖桶槽的組裝介面銜接處出現碳纖拉伸剝離現象,雖然高壓桶槽本體並無洩漏現象,但飛試任務需以最高安全標準檢視,故決定取消發射,待完成補強並通過60 bar(約60倍大氣壓力)水壓測試,才重新申請,並得以順利發射。
趙怡欽教授表示,此次是以2019年成功發射的1,500公斤級推力混合火箭為基礎,經過3年研究改良,在發動機研製、零組件設計製造、脫節機構與組裝,以及空中點火等工程與技術上,都獲得重大突破;且火箭飛行所需的關鍵零組件與酬載儀器不論設計、技術與製造,都出自成大團隊與國人之手,自主性百分百。此次除驗證兩節火箭的推進器系統、氣動力脫節與高空點火技術外,也透過通訊遙測航電系統以及高動態GPS「INS/GNSS即時軌跡追蹤」系統,期望達成火箭高動態軌跡全程追蹤。
此外,火箭也搭載成大物理系副教授楊毅設計的科學酬載「緊湊閃爍體陣列探測器」(Compact Scintillator Array Detector, ComSAD),這是第一個由台灣自行研製、可用在探空火箭及立方衛星的高能宇宙射線探測器,用以探測宇宙射線的能量與方向。此次探空火箭任務主要是測試ComSAD的基本性能,做為未來任務的基礎,希望未來可以用較低的成本完成立方衛星星系等科學任務。
負責維運短期科研火箭發射場域的國科會國家實驗研究院國家太空中心指出,此次成大自主發展的兩節式混合火箭,突破脫節與高空點火之重要關鍵,已進入實用階段。1,500 公斤推力等級混合火箭可符合設計規格並正常運作,代表成大團隊已確實掌握推力放大原則,此研發成果實屬不易,期待未來能載運科學酬載,取得更多太空數據。
國科會表示,隨著全球新興太空產業發展,臺灣應把握時機,整合學研界與產業界,積極投入太空相關利基產業。國科會在旭海設立短期科研火箭發射場域,為太空科研團隊提供合法、安全的設施;也將持續督導即將升格為行政法人的國家太空中心,妥善利用此短期科研火箭發射場域,積極鏈結我國產學研界能量,提升太空科技技術層次,培育太空關鍵科技人才,帶領我國搶占太空新藍海。
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