暑熱貪涼吹冷氣 當心吹出一身病！奇美醫：教您正確「解暑」，避免冷氣病找上門
2023-06-26 記者 蘇旋/報導
暑熱貪涼吹冷氣，當心吹出一身病！奇美醫院中醫部：教您正確「解暑」，避免冷氣病找上門
暑熱貪涼吹冷氣，當心吹出一身病！炎炎夏日到，溫度持續攀升，許多人都開始躲在室內避暑吹著強風低溫的冷氣，這可能會造成「冷氣病」。究竟中醫是如何看待這種問題呢？根據奇美醫療財團法人奇美醫院中醫部觀察，這是一種冷氣的過度使用加上人體對冷熱溫差調節不及造成的病理。建議諮詢專業的中醫師來為您診治，教您正確「解暑」，避免冷氣病找上門。
奇美醫院中醫部總醫師許晉嘉門診示意圖
6歲的李小弟是剛進入小學的小一生，因異位性皮膚炎及鼻過敏到奇美醫療財團法人奇美醫院中醫部總醫師許晉嘉門診治療，治療後原已相當穩定，數月未再發作。近日回診時，媽媽表示李小弟最近皮膚又開始搔癢，許醫師詢問後發現是因為天氣炎熱，活動力旺盛的他在下課後總是跑跑跳跳，滿身汗的回到家後，面對23、24度的冷氣直直吹身體，在外寒內熱的刺激下，導致皮膚問題再次復發，由於搔癢相當嚴重、越抓越癢甚至抓到破皮，開始打噴嚏和流鼻水。奇美醫院中醫部總醫師許晉嘉經辨證後診斷為風寒外束、內夾裡熱，施以相關證型的處方治療及針灸輔助，李小弟的皮膚已不再癢，過敏症狀也逐漸緩解。
治療前(發作期)
治療後(症狀緩解)
冷氣病表現的症狀非常多元，包含頭痛、流鼻水、氣喘、皮膚癢、眼睛乾澀不適，甚至是肩頸僵硬、下肢無力等。但為甚麼只是吹個冷氣卻會造成這麼多毛病呢？
像是在烈日下運動，身體熱烘烘的，若在此時進入便利商店吹冷氣，就可能產生外寒合併內熱的病理狀態；此時若買了一瓶冷飲，一飲而盡，再加上冷氣的加持，便容易產生寒濕包火合併外寒的病證；又如待在辦公室的上班族，若長期吹冷氣又沒有運動流汗，容易導致皮膚寒邪滯留，裏熱難以自行透出。
這些冷氣或冷飲對人體產生的影響稱之為「外寒」，外寒的存在可能會導致各種類型的疼痛，例如比較常見的頭痛，或是肩頸疼痛。若還合併內熱，可能引起皮膚癢或是過敏的問題；寒濕包火的證型通常會出現腸胃問題，例如胃口差、軟便、腹痛、腹瀉、解便解不乾淨；而皮膚有寒邪侵襲，則會讓肌膚產生乾癢的問題。
奇美醫療財團法人奇美醫院中醫部總醫師許晉嘉說明，在空閒之餘也可以適度的進行穴位按摩改善冷氣病症狀
奇美醫療財團法人奇美醫院中醫部總醫師許晉嘉表示，主要是緊閉門窗下的空氣循環較差，加上冷氣沒有定期清理，易導致各種有害物質的濃度累積或是加重黴菌等過敏原的影響。而且長時間待在冷氣房中，身體的水分會逐漸流失，但由於感受不明顯，所以也容易忽略補充水分的重要性，因此容易導致身體產生乾癢，眼球也會因為缺乏水分而使眼皮和眼球之間的潤滑不足，而出現眼睛乾澀不適。造成冷氣病的另一個原因是身體對於環境溫度劇烈變化的調節功能不佳，夏天在外溫度高，小朋友跑跑跳跳又急速進到冷氣房內，也有可能誘發各種過敏反應。
手上的「合谷穴」除了可以改善頭痛或肩頸痠痛緊，還可以緩解鼻塞鼻涕
腳上的「足三里穴」可以緩解因貪冷飲而導致的腹部問題
頭頸交界處「風池穴」可以改善頭痛或肩頸痠痛緊
許晉嘉醫師指出，這些「冷氣病」的症狀雖然並不嚴重，但仍可能導致不舒服，長期下來也可能讓身體產生不良的影響。冷氣是我們夏日生活的好朋友，與之和平共處是很重要的，以下提供一些方法給大家參考：
- 首先是清潔，灰塵、塵蟎是現代人常見的過敏原，家中環境以及冷氣機濾網的定期清理不可少，這是避免過敏惡化的第一步。
- 由於冷氣會使空氣變得乾冷，除了可以在開冷氣的空間中放上一杯水或者配合使用加濕器之外，也可以讓電風扇與冷氣交替使用，因為電風扇不會讓濕度降低，同時也可以節省電費。
- 安裝冷氣時必須注意出風口的位置，避免直吹人的頭部而產生頭痛、頸痛。
- 冷氣的溫度不宜調得過低，若不得已進入冷氣較強的空間，建議穿上薄外套。
- 可以在天氣不這麼熱的時候進行運動，讓身體發熱出汗。但若時間或體力不允許，能趁晚上休息時泡個熱水澡讓身體微微出汗。
- 流汗的狀態下先擦乾身體再進到冷氣房。中醫認為在排汗的過程人體正處於「腠理開」的狀態，這是一個正常排汗代謝的過程，但也是寒氣容易趁勢進入人體的時候，避免在大汗淋灕的時候直吹冷氣，能夠避免許多冷氣病相關不適。
- 長期待在冷氣房工作記得隨時補充水分，也能適時地喝一些薑茶，並視情況使用保濕乳液。
穴位刺激改善冷氣病
許晉嘉醫師說明，在空閒之餘也可以適度的進行穴位按摩，像是頭頸交界處「風池穴」及手上的「合谷穴」可以改善頭痛或肩頸痠痛緊，合谷穴還可以緩解鼻塞鼻涕，「足三里穴」則可以緩解因貪冷飲而導致的腹部問題。
許晉嘉醫師提醒，中醫能透過調整人體的陰陽平衡來緩解症狀，例如使用發汗的方法將表邪透出，但實際上不同病人即使一樣都得到「冷氣病」，仍會依據病人自身體質的偏性而使治療方針有所不同，因此如果您嘗試了以上的方式卻無改善，建議諮詢專業的中醫師來為您診治。
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