急性腸胃炎勿忽視 速就醫免延誤病情
奇美醫學中心訊息發布
高齡95歲的陳奶奶，因接連腹瀉不止，還有發燒及腹部絞痛狀況，前往奇美醫學中心急診求治，透過糞便檢驗及培養證實為輪狀病毒及沙門氏菌感染，經過住院矯正脫水及抗生素治療，順利出院返家，後續門診追蹤已無大礙。
奇美醫學中心全人醫療科暨胃腸肝膽科主治醫師陳建安表示，急性腸胃炎指的是胃或是小腸、大腸急性的發炎，一般會先區分是感染性腸胃炎或是非感染性腸胃炎，臨床上以感染性腸胃炎為主，感染性腸胃炎又可以分為病毒性腸胃炎與細菌性腸胃炎，又以病毒性腸胃炎為大宗。
主講者全人醫療科暨胃腸肝膽科主治醫師陳建安及其講題
奇美醫學中心統計，新冠肺炎疫情改變民眾就醫習慣，因小病前往醫學中心急診的就醫趨勢明顯減少，去(110)年4月至今(111)年1月因急性腸胃炎至急診求治的人次都未超過500人次，然而今(111)年2月急性腸胃炎至急診就醫卻高達572人次，3月也為528人次，數據顯示仍沒有明顯減緩趨勢，除了每年冬季好發病毒性腸胃炎外，推測其原因可能跟民眾只使用酒精乾洗手、疏於用肥皂濕洗手的習慣有關。
陳建安表示，多數的急性腸胃炎是病毒感染，並沒有特效藥，治療原則首要防止脫水和電解質流失，症狀輕微可以從口補充水分及電解質水，市售的運動飲料建議以1:1的方式跟溫水稀釋使用，若脫水嚴重可能需要住院施行點滴治療。其飲食清淡不須刻意禁食，如果吃得下，建議攝取一些好消化的食物如稀飯、吐司、蒸蛋等，避免太油膩、高纖及刺激性的食物。細菌性的腸胃炎則可能需要使用抗生素治療，應由專業的醫師評估。
陳建安說，絕大多數的腸胃炎經過補充水分及電解質平衡等支持性療法就會自癒，若症狀嚴重，建議儘速就醫，民眾切勿自行購買成藥而延誤治療。另外，照顧諾羅及輪狀病毒性腸胃炎的病人，酒精乾洗手效果不佳，應該用肥皂和自來水徹底洗手，才能達到預防的效果。
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