中正大學開發自動鑑別肝肺功能系統 輔助癌症精準治療
2022-06-04 記者陳宜琳/嘉義報導
放射線治療透過局部照射殺死癌細胞,而在規劃治療路徑時,主要仰賴醫師人工判讀與圈選器官的功能性分布。為了讓醫師精準圈選肝、肺臟部位,避開功能性較佳的區域,中正大學機械工程系副教授楊智媖開發一套自動化系統,透過影像匹配技術,可自動判別並劃分肝、肺各區及其功能性優劣。該系統目前申請專利中,盼減輕醫師人力負擔,也降低病人整體肝、肺臟功能損害。
「在做放射線治療的時候,放射線不只針對癌細胞,中間經過的地方,包含正常細胞組織都會受到影響。」中正大學機械系副教授楊智媖說,在病患進行放射線治療前,醫師必須先做好照射的路徑規劃,因此如何在降低正常細胞受輻射損害的情況下,又能精準破壞癌細胞,更顯得重要。
「如果這些放射線可以只經過肝、肺臟功能性較差的地方,保留高功能的細胞,讓病患較無副作用,也減少治療後功能性的損失。」楊智媖說,在一次與大林慈濟醫院洽談研究題目時,放射腫瘤科醫師提出檢測肝、肺功能的實務需求,於是她便與大林慈濟合作開發「可鑑別肝肺功能性並劃分優劣區塊的自動化系統」。
楊智媖表示,該系統耗時近6年成功開發,利用醫學影像分析、影像匹配等技術,導入肝、肺臟在核磁共振、電腦斷層掃描的影像,經過系統計算和自動定位,就能劃分肝、肺臟各區塊,找到功能較好或較差的組織細胞,並輸出分區輪廓曲線圖。
傳統肝功能檢測需要透過核磁共振影像,肺功能則藉由嘴巴吸入或血液打入放射物質,再透過電腦斷層掃瞄捕捉體內訊號成像。楊智媖指出,這些檢測方式都需要以人工目測,判斷與圈選肝、肺各區功能優劣,非常仰賴醫師長年的經驗。「一個人的胸腔影像會產出上百張切面圖像,例如肺部就有5大肺葉18個小結,每張醫學影像都由醫師手動圈選,需要花費大量的人力和時間,一天能處理的病患資料有限。」楊智媖說,此外,病人的體型還會因療程產生改變,就得重新拍攝與規劃放射線治療的路徑。
而中正團隊開發的自動化系統採用四維電腦斷層掃描的影像,可以從病患肺部影像數值變化,判斷肺泡通氣功能優劣,降低病患做傳統肺功能檢測時,額外吸入放射物質而引起的副作用。楊智媖表示,該系統已經申請臨床試驗,且正透過大林慈濟醫院申請專利,未來將持續優化系統,並尋求相關廠商合作商業化,造福更多癌症病患。
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