影/嚼食檳榔壞習慣 慢性疾病一籮筐！
2022-09-06 記者 蘇旋/報導
臺灣口腔癌發生率名列前茅，僅次於大腸癌及肺癌。全世界嚼食檳榔的人口約佔10%，主要分布在南亞、東南亞、臺灣、南太平洋國家等亞太地區十餘國。2019年衛生福利部國民健康署的癌症登記資料更顯示，男性口腔癌發生率已經超越肝癌，上升到第3名，僅次於大腸癌及肺癌。嚼食檳榔除了會造成口腔癌之外，還會引發許多慢性疾病。
美醫學中心一般醫學內科主治醫師葉正發(圖/奇美醫院提供）
奇美醫學中心一般醫學內科主治醫師葉正發指出：檳榔已被證實會刺激血小板凝集和血栓素B2的產生，增加罹患心血管疾病風險，而且檳榔鹼會阻斷高密度脂蛋白受體並抑制肝臟攝取低密度脂蛋白，造成動脈粥狀硬化和冠狀動脈痙攣，進而引發冠狀動脈疾。根據許多不同研究的結果指出，檳榔族心血管疾病的風險是一般人的3至8倍。根據中國醫藥大學的研究結果發現，其死亡率也提高了好幾倍，實在可怕。嚼食檳榔不僅較易變胖，對自身的健康影響更甚！
奇美醫學中心一般醫學內科主治醫師葉正發門診照（圖/奇美醫院提供）
嚼食檳榔所造成的影響除了經濟耗損、生態環境的破壞，更重要的是對個人身體健康及家庭的傷害，因為嚼食檳榔者絕大多數為家庭的經濟支柱，一旦支柱倒了，後果不堪設想。所以應儘快戒掉檳榔，更定期接受健康篩檢。奇美醫學中心設有癌症篩檢站，針對18歲以上的原住民或30歲以上曾嚼食檳榔者，每2年一次免費口腔黏膜篩檢，篩檢後若發現疑似陽性情況，如：白斑、紅斑、紅白斑、口腔黏膜下纖維化、疣狀增生瘤或口腔癌等，即轉介耳鼻喉科或口腔外科的醫師診療，進行確診、切片檢查、治療及定期追蹤。
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