口罩解封免驚 奇美醫學教您透過中醫、飲食 提升免疫力抵擋病毒
2023-02-20 記者姚瑞/台南報導
奇美醫學中心總醫師莊照宇指出,早在兩千多年前,中醫典籍《黃帝內經》就提出「正氣存內,邪不可干」及「邪之所湊,其氣必虛」等相關免疫論述。此處的正氣是指人體的免疫抗病機能,通常也涉及與神經系統與內分泌系統的協調。邪氣則是指包含病毒、細菌、黴菌等病原體及其喜好的微環境。疾病可說是人體正氣與病邪相互對抗的過程,當人體因為熬夜輪班、情緒壓力、時差等問題影響免疫調節能力時,若不巧又碰上病邪盛行的時節便容易染病,免疫系統的穩定度也與疾病的預後有關。
一般免疫力是否降低,我們可從近期感冒的頻率、感染後的嚴重程度及恢復時間長短作評估;此外,若近期經常反覆口角炎、唇疱疹、過敏症狀加劇、易倦怠乏力、胃口不佳、落髮、肢體痠痛等均是免疫力降低的可能徵兆。
隨著新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情趨緩,中央流行疫情指揮中心宣布將自2月20日起放寬室內戴口罩規定,面對口罩解禁在即,如何調整免疫系統,預防病邪感染,大家更為關心。中醫診治疾病,講究「扶正」與「袪邪」兩個面向。免疫低下者,會以扶正為主,可能選擇黃耆、黨參、白朮補氣,配合紫蘇、防風、藿香、薄荷等祛風調腸胃為輔;若當下病邪旺盛或病理性免疫過亢者,則以袪邪為主,配合清熱解毒養陰等藥材,如金銀花、連翹、魚腥草、麥門冬,一方面抗病毒或細菌,另外也減緩免疫過亢造成機體破壞。
經絡穴道方面,中醫常選擇兩側合谷搭配太衝來調節免疫,此穴組中醫稱四關穴,是人體氣機運行很重要的通關口;手、足三里、陰陵泉則可提高正氣,調節腸胃,幫助人體營養吸收,以利增加抗壓力及身體修復;另外,由於頭面部常是病原體侵入的管道,因此保持頭面、頸部的溫暖,不時雙手搓熱,揉按眼周、鼻旁、耳朵及後頸部也是很好的保健之道。
運動方面,推薦中醫的八段錦體操搭配呼吸調節,可達通利經脈、調暢心肺、增強肌力之功,且兒童至老年人皆適合,像是前二式的「雙手托天理三焦」、「左右開弓似射雕」,便同時針對身體縱向、橫向與斜向的舒展,更在練慢不練快的過程,達到靜心強身的效果。
奇美醫學中心營養科營養師吳宜峯表示:免疫力就像身體的保護層一樣,當免疫力失調,就容易導致身體許多狀況產生。研究發現,不良飲食會誘發炎症和免疫系統功能障礙,破壞人體免疫系統,並增加呼吸道病毒感染機率,日常飲食中,建議可採地中海飲食來幫助身體抗發炎、抗氧化及增加免疫力,以對抗新冠病毒。
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